Mac OS X - Time Machine backup on a Samba drive
categories:
- Apple/Mac OS
- Howto
Edit Jan 2010 : you can also run Time Machine backups on an AFP drive, which is faster (at least for me), see [http://blog.wains.be/post/afp-server-in-under-15-minutes-debian/](http://blog.wains.be/post/afp-server-in-under-15-minutes-debian/) for more info on installing Netatalk on your server.
Time Machine, the built-in backup utility of OS X is nice (in a “run and forget about it” way) but has a few limitations. The major problem is it will only backup your data to a physically attached drive (through USB or Firewire) by default.
We will see how we can make it save your data to a Samba/Windows share (not that I like Samba, but OS X supports it well).
(On OS X) In a terminal type this :
defaults write com.apple.systempreferences TMShowUnsupportedNetworkVolumes 1
(On the Samba server) Set up your share for Time Machine, here’s an example you can add to your smb.conf :
[timemachine] path = /backup/timemachine comment = Time Machine backup browseable = yes writable = yes create mask = 0640 directory mask = 0750 valid users = user1 hosts allow = 172.16.27.111
Type this at the CLI :
mkdir /backup/timemachine chown user1. /backup/timemachine chmod 750 /backup/timemachine
**Stay logged as we will need to check something in a minute, type : **
cd /backup/timemachine
(On OS X) Make sure you can access the newly created share (and write to it).
Go into System Preferences > Time Machine : Pick up the Samba share as destination Wait for the first backup to start
(On Samba server) As soon as the backup starts, you should check the content of /backup/timemachine :
You should find a new directory named like this :
MacBook_002310d4c911.tmp.sparsebundle
The name is following this pattern :
_.tmp.sparsebundle
Write the name of the folder down, we will need that info in the next steps.
(On OS X) After a coupe minutes you should get an error from Time Machine ** : _“Time Machine Error - The backup disk image could not be created.” **_ This is supposed to happen, if it doesn’t I still recommend you to follow the next steps, or your backup could misbehave after a while.
Start the tool “Disk Utility”. Click on “New Image” Volume Name : Time Machine Volume Size : whatever you want, I created a 100 GB volume (as I usually have around 50 GB or so on my machine). Do not worry, you don’t need 100 GB available on your drive. Volume Format : Mac OS Extended (Journaled) Encryption : none Partitions : Single partition - Apple Partition Map Image Format : sparse bundle disk image
Save the bundle disk image on your desktop as “MacBook_002310d4c911.sparsebundle” (this is the name we wrote down two steps earlier MINUS THE “.tmp” SECTION)
Copy that file to your Time Machine share on the samba server. My supposedly 100 GB file was actually taking 86 MB. The file (which actually is a directory) will grow as backups are performed.
Now start Time Machine manually : This should not produce errors anymore. The first backup will obviously take some time.
Voilà !
My suggestions :
- you may not want Time Machine to run when you are over Wi-Fi. This is why I limited access to the Samba share to my wired IP address only (option “hosts allow”).
- you can install Time Machine Editor which allows backup scheduling (fixing another lack of Time Machine)
- Time Machine Editor also allows to disable automatic backups when the Time Machine drive is connected, I highly recommend doing so : as we are using a network drive here, every time you wake your computer up, OS X automatically reconnects to the Samba share, and trigger Time Machine.
Last word :
- File Vault (built-in encryption system) and Time Machine do not get along very well, Google it up for details.
- Source : http://www.flokru.org/post/time-machine-backups-on-network-shares-in-leopard/ and Apple forums.